上海教育评估研究

教育评价数字化转型虽能借助AI、大数据实现评价智慧化与精准化，但也面临算法偏见、人的主体性消解及数字异化等伦理困境。本文提出“伦理治理+生态重构”的范式，通过整合伦理与生态要素、构建动态协同闭环、明确多元主体权责等措施，加以目标共契、策略互补、评估互馈三重机制形成治理合力。伦理治理维度从审查组织与准则建构、算法监管、数据隐私保障、数字鸿沟补偿四方面制定策略；生态重构维度围绕育人导向的精准转化与动态适配、人机协同与多元评价的深度融合、政府主导与多方协同治理的创新、营造持续创新的生态环境开展实践。

The digital transformation of educational evaluation leverages AI and big data to achieve intelligent and precise evaluation, yet it also faces ethical dilemmas such as algorithmic bias,the dissolution of human agency, and digital alienation. The transformation paradigm of “ethical governance + ecological reconstruction” integrates ethical and ecological elements, establishes a dynamic collaborative closed-loop system, and clarifies the rights and responsibilities of diverse stakeholders. It fosters governance synergy through three mechanisms, i. e., shared objectives,complementary strategies, and mutual evaluation feedback. The ethical governance dimension formulates strategies across four areas, i. e., organization review and standard setting, algorithmic oversight, data privacy safeguards, and digital divide mitigation. The ecological reconstruction dimension focuses on the precise transformation and dynamic adaptation of education-oriented approaches, the deep integration of human-machine collaboration and diversified evaluation, the innovation of government-led and multi-stakeholder collaborative governance, and the cultivation of an ecosystem that fosters continuous innovation.